Cellular characteristics and functions of diverse CNS macrophages増田 隆博1) Masuda T, Sankowski R, Staszewski O, et al. Spatial and temporal heterogeneity of mouse and human microglia at single-cell resolution. Nature. 2019. 566(7744):388-392.2) Masuda T, Amann L, Sankowski R, et al. Novel Hexb-based tools for studying microglia in the CNS. Nat Immunol. 2020. 21(7):802-815.3) Masuda T, Amann L, Monaco G, et al. Specification of CNS macrophage subsets occurs postnatally in defined niches. Nature. 2022. 604(7907):740-748.4) Amann L, Masuda T, Prinz M. Mechanisms of myeloid cell entry to the healthy and diseased central nervous system. Nat Immunol. 2023. 24(3):393-407.5) Yamasaki A, Imanishi I, Tanaka K, et al. IRF8 and MAFB drive distinct transcriptional machineries in different resident macrophages of the central nervous system. Commun Biol. 2024. 7(1):896.九州大学 生体防御医学研究所 分子神経免疫学分野8. 多様な脳内マクロファージの細胞特性と機能The central nervous system (CNS) hosts two anatomically distinct macrophage populations: Microglia are located in the parenchyma, and CNS border-associated macrophages (CAMs) are found in CNS borders including the meninges, perivascular space, and choroid plexus, which are formed by various cell-types, such as CNS-associated macrophages, astrocytes, fibroblasts, and mural cells, and play an important role as a hub organization in functionally connecting the brain parenchyma and the periphery. Both microglia and CAMs are thought to contribute to a specialized and tightly regulated resident immune system in the CNS and are actively involved in controlling brain function. The recent emergence of novel technologies, such as multi-omics analyses, has enabled the profiling of and uncovering of previously-unappreciated functions and cellular properties of CNS macrophages1-5. In this symposium, I will discuss the current knowledge on the origins, kinetics, functions, and profiles of CNS macrophages, with a main focus on recent findings, and how they are regulated by the surrounding environment. Division of Molecular Neuroimmunology, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu UniversityTakahiro Masuda17
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